US High School Psychology Practice Exam

Which type of memory allows for the recall of past events that can be verbally described?

1. Implicit memory

2. Episodic memory

3. Declarative memory

4. Non-declarative memory

The correct answer is: Declarative memory

The correct answer is declarative memory, which refers to the type of long-term memory that involves the recollection of facts, knowledge, and events. This type of memory can be consciously accessed and verbally articulated, allowing individuals to describe what they know or recount specific past experiences. Declarative memory includes two subcategories: episodic memory and semantic memory. Episodic memory specifically pertains to the recall of personal life events and experiences, providing a rich context that includes the time and place of the event—essentially the "episode" of the memory. Semantic memory, on the other hand, involves facts and general knowledge that are not tied to personal experiences. While episodic memory relates closely to recalling past events, the broader term declarative memory captures both the personal and factual aspects of memory that can be expressed verbally, making it the most encompassing answer to the question. Implicit memory and non-declarative memory refer to forms of memory that do not require conscious thought and are typically expressed through actions rather than verbal recall.